Questão de Língua Inglesa

Read the text below and answer the following 2 questions based on it.

Disponível em: < https://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Prescription> Acessado em 11 de outubro de 2017. 17. Jane has been told to A) take the medicine two times a day; in the morning and at night. B) take the medication one time a day after breakfast or after dinner. C) take two pills of the medication once a day as she saw appropriate. D) have twenty capsules of the medication in the morning or at night. E) buy another pack of the medication after she finishes the first one. 18. Jane Michelle Smith has been instructed to A) continue using the medicine regardless of the absence of symptoms. B) never stop taking the medicine because of its so many benefits. C) not take the medication for only one day after symptoms disappear. D) quit using the medicine when the symptoms are no longer detected. E) stop hiding the medication until the symptoms are done away with. Read the text below and answer the following 2 questions based on it. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial. Abstract In a prospective, randomised, controlled trial to determine whether comprehensive lifestyle changes affect coronary atherosclerosis after 1 year, 28 patients were assigned to an experimental group (low-fat vegetarian diet, stopping smoking, stress management training, and moderate exercise) and 20 to a usual-care control group. 195 coronary artery lesions were analysed by quantitative coronary angiography. The average percentage diameter stenosis regressed from 40.0 (SD 16.9)% to 37.8 (16.5)% in the experimental group yet progressed from 42.7 (15.5)% to 46.1 (18.5)% in the control group. When only lesions greater than 50% stenosed were analysed, the average percentage diameter stenosis regressed from 61.1 (8.8)% to 55.8 (11.0)% in the experimental group and progressed from 61.7 (9.5)% to 64.4 (16.3)% in the control group. Overall, 82% of experimental-group patients had an average change towards regression. Comprehensive lifestyle changes may be able to bring about regression of even severe coronary atherosclerosis after only 1 year, without use of lipidlowering drugs. Adaptado de: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1973470> Acessado em 27 de outubro de 2017. 19. The research conducted showed that A) changes in lifestyle can exert insignificant benefits to a person’s overall health. B) big changes in lifestyle cannot actually reduce severe coronary atherosclerosis. C) broad lifestyle changes can effectively bring about rewarding health benefits. D) minute changes to lifestyle will inflict countless benefits to one’s health. E) the group taken care of in the traditional way had more promising results. 20. In “Comprehensive lifestyle changes may be able to bring about regression…” may expresses: A) certainty. B) prohibition. C) permission. D) obligation. E) possibility. Read the text below and answer the following 3 questions based on it. How we learn things shapes our memory Humans are constantly learning new things. This ability helps us to grow and adapt to new situations daily. But a new study suggests that different learning mechanisms actually shape how the brain stores memories. As humans, we have not only survived, but thrived throughout time thanks to our ability to learn and adapt to new situations. Learning itself is a complex process, and there are different types of learning mechanisms through which the brain stores new information and updates old information. In general terms, there are two ways of learning that humans use to acquire new information in the long term. One is by association, or through experience. This is when we learn new things incidentally, just because we happened to come across them, or because we are in a new environment that we are learning to navigate little by little. The other one is learning by reinforcement. This is when we purposefully set out to learn new information — when we take a language course, for example. A new study conducted by researchers from the Department of Experimental Psychology, the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, and the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences — all in Oxford, United Kingdom — indicates that different learning mechanisms have links to memories stored in different parts of the brain. The researchers add that not only do we store information differently depending on how we acquire it, but that it may be more or less easy for us to lose or change this information for the same reason. The researchers also explain that the findings indicate that the brain can store information learned through reinforcement for a long time, while other types of information remain more available for updates. "We also learned that some of this knowledge is very persistent, and the brain does not forget about it even when it becomes irrelevant, while knowledge acquired through an alternative learning mechanism is more flexible and can more easily be changed to new knowledge," notes Klein- Flügge. When it comes to unlearning or forgetting information, the researchers also note that information acquired incidentally through associations is easier to discard than information acquired through goal-oriented learning. Adaptado de: < https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326826.php> Acessado em 29 de outubro de 2019. 21. According to the text A) the study suggests the different ways of learning mold our brains functioning. B) the ability to learn new things has kept us from coping with diversity in real life. C) humans have found it very hard to adapt to new situations and have barely made it. D) learning is too complex a task for the brain to process and store information well. E) the brain works in the same way regardless of the different situations it is exposed to. 22. Generally speaking A) we need to engage in a systematic process to learn something new. B) learning by reinforcement entails a contact by chance with what’s new. C) we only learn when there is a purpose in what we set out to learn. D) the brain learns things either incidentally or through reinforcement. E) the acquisition of new information is possible uniquely by experience. 23. When it comes to storing, retrieving and forgetting information A) it makes no difference whether we learned by reinforcement. B) our memory works based on how information was acquired. C) the incidental way of learning plays the same role as any other. D) both general ways of learning have similar outcomes in the end. E) human brains work better if not submitted to any process at all. Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

Disponível em:< https://caveviews.blogs.com/cave_news/2010/08/webmdeffect.html>. Acessado em 19 de outubro de 2019. 24. The patient’s assertion A) shows how indispensable professional opinions are becoming. B) reveals medical doctors are no longer as good as they used to be. C) implies his intelligence exceeds the doctor’s and he knows best. D) means he’s got an online degree in Medicine and doesn’t need help. E) imparts a worrying users’ trust in Internet-based information. ESPANHOL