Questão de Economia

Tendo o texto acima como referência inicial e considerando os múltiplos aspectos que ele suscita, julgue os itens a seguir. Graças aos bons resultados obtidos na produção agrícola nas últimas décadas, houve a redução drástica da fome e a emergência de um modelo mundial de desenvolvimento acentuadamente simétrico, resultados de uma economia globalizada. – 2 – Once more with feeling 1 Tokyo’s bid to host the 2016 Olympics, observed many of its disappointed residents afterwards, failed because of a lack of passion. After years of rising economic insecurity and 4 public debt, Tokyoites simply could not gather enough enthusiasm to put on the world’s costliest sporting extravaganza. There was no such problem this time. In beating 7 Madrid and Istanbul on September 7th for the right to host the 2020 Games, Tokyo impressed the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with a bid which is supported by 70% of the 10 city’s population. That level of backing has risen by 14 percentage points since the earthquake/tsunami that wrecked Japan’s northeast coast in March 2011. 13 It might appear strange that it took a disaster to rekindle Tokyo’s passion for the Olympics, but the city’s government relentlessly sold the idea that the event would help 16 Japan recover — and many Japanese believe it. Ironically then, the lingering Fukushima nuclear crisis, triggered by that disaster, threatened Tokyo’s bid at the final hurdle. A string of 19 problems at the leaky Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, 230 km (140 miles) from the capital, put Tokyo’s Olympic organisers on the defensive, and forced Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to find 22 $470m to plug the leaks. The world’s top athletes will be safe from radiation, he pledged before the IOC’s final vote on Saturday in Buenos Aires. “Let me assure you the situation is 25 under control. It has never done and will never do any damage to Tokyo,” he said. Mr. Abe had less to say about whether Japan can afford the games. Tokyo will build 22 of the 37 Olympic 28 venues from scratch, and spend $1 billion refurbishing the national Olympic stadium, the centerpiece of Japan’s 1964 31 Olympics. The government’s estimated price tag for all this construction is ¥409 billion yen ($4.1 billion). That is almost certainly optimistic: every single Games since 1960 has failed 34 to meet the cost target. The average overrun has been a whopping 179%. Nonetheless, can the Olympics bring some lasting 37 benefit to Japan? It seems that those 70% of Tokyo residents certainly believe so. Internet: <www.economist.com> (adapted).